Por medio de la ley 27.167, publicada en el Boletín Oficial el 4/09/15, se creó el Programa Nacional de Investigación e Innovación Productiva en Espacios Marítimos Argentinos, que tiene como objetivos profundizar el conocimiento científico como fundamento de las políticas de conservación y manejo de los recursos naturales, promover innovaciones tecnológicas aplicables a la explotación sustentable de los recursos naturales y al desarrollo de las industrias vinculadas al mar, fortalecer la conciencia marítima de la sociedad argentina y respaldar con información científica la presencia de nuestro país en el Atlántico Sur, entre otros.
Asimismo, se creó un fondo para su financiamiento —FONIPROMAR— integrado por las partidas de presupuesto destinadas a ese fin, cuyo monto inicial no podrá ser inferior a los pesos doscientos cincuenta millones; fondos provenientes de subsidios, préstamos internacionales u otros aportes; y por donaciones y legados.
El Senado y Cámara de Diputados de la Nación Argentina reunidos en Congreso, etc. sancionan con fuerza de Ley:
ARTÍCULO 1° — La presente ley tiene por objeto fortalecer la presencia de la República Argentina en el Mar Argentino.
ARTÍCULO 2° — Créase el Programa Nacional de Investigación e Innovación Productiva en Espacios Marítimos Argentinos —PROMAR— que tiene como objetivos generales: a) Profundizar el conocimiento científico como fundamento de las políticas de conservación y manejo de los recursos naturales. b) Promover innovaciones tecnológicas aplicables a la explotación sustentable de los recursos naturales y al desarrollo de las industrias vinculadas al mar. c) Fortalecer la conciencia marítima de la sociedad argentina y respaldar con información científica la presencia de nuestro país en el Atlántico Sur. d) Desarrollar una sólida y continua divulgación comunicacional de las acciones presentes y futuras, tendientes a una comunicación eficiente, clara y efectiva de las actividades, proyectos e iniciativas en su accionar dentro del PROMAR. e) Implementar planes en los que se articulen proyectos interdisciplinarios que incluyan la investigación de base, la conservación de las especies y los ambientes marinos, la utilización de los recursos renovables, el desarrollo de tecnologías aplicables al mar y la producción marina. f) Desarrollar capacidades para modelar y predecir escenarios futuros en el contexto del cambio climático global. g) Desarrollar capacidades para detectar y responder a eventos oceánicos mediante la recolección de datos en tiempo real. h) Generar insumos científicos para la adopción de políticas de conservación y uso sustentable de los recursos biológicos. i) Proveer insumos científicos para fundamentar el accionar de nuestro país en acuerdos internacionales y apoyar las iniciativas nacionales en materia de cooperación técnica. j) Articular los programas nacionales con iniciativas internacionales en materia de investigación y conservación marinas y facilitar el acceso a financiamiento para proyectos específicos. k) Articular las actividades científicas desarrolladas por buques extranjeros con los programas nacionales de investigación en los espacios marítimos argentinos. l) Promover las relaciones científicas internacionales, particularmente con las instituciones que puedan generar transferencia de tecnología y metodologías de muestreo y monitoreo. ll) Promover programas de cooperación científico-tecnológica para el establecimiento de polos tecnológicos en el litoral marino. m) Fomentar desarrollos tecnológicos en todas las áreas vinculadas a la investigación del mar, incluyendo la seguridad marítima y la defensa nacional.
ARTÍCULO 3° — El Poder Ejecutivo debe determinar la autoridad de aplicación de la presente ley, cuyas funciones son: a) Conducir y ejecutar las acciones requeridas para el cumplimiento de los objetivos del PROMAR. b) Administrar el presupuesto del PROMAR. c) Intervenir en la celebración de acuerdos y convenios. d) Presidir el Consejo de Administración.
ARTÍCULO 4° — Créase el Consejo de Administración, el que se integra con los siguientes organismos, o aquellos que en el futuro los reemplacen: a) Autoridad de Aplicación de la presente ley. b) Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva. c) Ministerio de Defensa. d) Ministerio de Seguridad. e) Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganadería y Pesca. f) Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores y Culto. g) Ministerio de Turismo. h) Secretaría de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sustentable. i) Jefatura de Gabinete de Ministros. j) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas.
ARTÍCULO 5° — Son funciones del Consejo de Administración: a) Crear y desarrollar planes de acción estratégica. b) Diseñar los presupuestos anuales del PROMAR. c) Integrar y articular los esfuerzos de investigación en función de los objetivos estratégicos establecidos. d) Monitorear el cumplimiento de los objetivos generales de la presente ley. e) Definir las áreas prioritarias en los espacios marítimos donde se realizarán las actividades científicas del PROMAR.
ARTÍCULO 6° — Créase el Fondo Nacional para la Investigación e Innovación Productiva de los Espacios Marítimos Argentinos —FONIPROMAR— integrado por: a) Las partidas que al efecto destine en forma anual el Presupuesto General de la Administración Pública, o con la afectación del crédito presupuestario de las partidas que reasigne el Poder Ejecutivo de entrar en vigencia la presente ley durante el ejercicio presupuestario en curso. En cualquier caso, el monto inicial no podrá ser inferior a los pesos doscientos cincuenta millones ($ 250.000.000). b) Fondos provenientes de subsidios, préstamos internacionales u otros aportes. c) Donaciones y legados.
ARTÍCULO 7° — Sin perjuicio de lo que determine la reglamentación, el FONIPROMAR debe destinarse a los siguientes fines: a) Provisión de los recursos humanos, de infraestructura y tecnológicos necesarios para el cumplimiento de sus objetivos. b) Contratación de personal profesional especializado con criterio federal y muItidisciplinario. c) Adquisición, reparación y mantenimiento de plataformas de investigación y equipamiento, incluyendo buques de investigación. d) Diseño y gestión de instrumentos de financiación para tareas de investigación, desarrollo tecnológico e innovación productiva. e) Fortalecimiento de infraestructuras edilicias en las principales instituciones científicas y académicas del litoral atlántico. f) Desarrollo de tecnologías para la investigación y la exploración marinas: sensores remotos, plataformas de muestreo, registro automático de variables oceanográficas y climáticas, desarrollos satelitales, y todo otro desarrollo tecnológico requerido para el cumplimiento de estos objetivos. g) Formación de Recursos Humanos en investigación, exploración y gestión de los recursos marinos. h) Promoción del desarrollo de proyectos de maricultura y su transferencia al sector productivo.
ARTÍCULO 8° — Comuníquese al Poder Ejecutivo.
DADA EN LA SALA DE SESIONES DEL CONGRESO ARGENTINO, EN BUENOS AIRES, A LOS VEINTINUEVE DIAS DEL MES DE JULIO DEL AÑO DOS MIL QUINCE.
— REGISTRADA BAJO EL N° 27167 —
AMADO BOUDOU. — JULIÁN A. DOMÍNGUEZ. — Juan H. Estrada. — Lucas Chedrese.
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Palms down, Apple’s app retail store wins as a result of a mile. It truly is a large range of all forms of purposes vs a really unhappy preference of a handful for Zune. Microsoft consists of courses, especially inside of the realm of game titles, but I’m not of course I might have to have in the direction of guess upon the long term if this element is essential in the direction of oneself. The iPod is a substantially better selection in just that situation.
Involving me and my spouse we have owned a lot more MP3 gamers about the a long time than I can depend, together with Sansas, iRivers, iPods (classic & touch), the Ibiza Rhapsody, etcetera. But, the previous pair yrs I have settled down in direction of a single line of avid gamers. Why? Considering the fact that I was delighted in the direction of check out how well-designed and pleasurable in the direction of employ the underappreciated (and extensively mocked) Zunes are.
If you’re however on the fence: seize your preferred earphones, mind down in direction of a Least complicated Invest in and inquire towards plug them into a Zune then an iPod and check out which 1 sounds better towards by yourself, and which interface creates oneself smile even further. Then you can expect to notice which is specifically for oneself.
Among me and my husband we’ve owned even more MP3 players higher than the many years than I can count, such as Sansas, iRivers, iPods (classic & touch), the Ibiza Rhapsody, etc. But, the very last couple of several years I’ve fixed down toward 1 line of players. Why? Simply because I was satisfied toward come across how well-designed and exciting towards seek the services of the underappreciated (and extensively mocked) Zunes are.
Between me and my partner we’ve owned much more MP3 gamers around the many years than I can depend, including Sansas, iRivers, iPods (classic & touch), the Ibiza Rhapsody, etc. But, the final couple of yrs I’ve resolved down to one line of avid gamers. Why? Due to the fact I was satisfied to find how well-designed and enjoyable in the direction of use the underappreciated (and greatly mocked) Zunes are.
The contemporary Zune browser is surprisingly Fantastic, still not as Wonderful as the iPod’s. It operates effectively, but is not as instantaneous as Safari, and consists of a clunkier interface. If oneself occasionally program on utilizing the internet browser that’s not an issue, but if you are creating in the direction of go through the internet alot in opposition to your PMP then the iPod’s larger sized display and better browser may be critical.
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This is getting to be a little bit further more subjective, nevertheless I much prefer the Zune Current market. The interface is colorful, consists of even more aptitude, and some awesome characteristics including ‘Mixview’ that enable yourself out of the blue check out very similar albums, songs, or other users identical to what you might be listening in direction of. Clicking on a single of people will middle upon that solution, and one more fixed of «neighbors» will come into view, permitting by yourself toward navigate above exploring through identical artists, songs, or end users. Talking of end users, the Zune «Social» is too fantastic entertaining, making it possible for oneself track down others with shared tastes and getting to be mates with them. Oneself then can listen in direction of a playlist generated based mostly upon an amalgamation of what all your close friends are listening in direction of, which is on top of that enjoyable. Individuals anxious with privacy will be relieved in the direction of comprehend on your own can keep away from the community against observing your individual listening behaviors if oneself hence select.
Zune and iPod: Maximum individuals assess the Zune in the direction of the Contact, but just after seeing how thin and surprisingly minor and mild it is, I get it in the direction of be a as an alternative distinctive hybrid that brings together characteristics of equally the Contact and the Nano. It’s extremely colourful and lovely OLED display is a little bit smaller than the contact screen, nonetheless the participant alone feels pretty a little bit scaled-down and lighter. It weighs around 2/3 as a great deal, and is noticeably more compact within width and top, though being only a hair thicker.
The Zune concentrates on getting a Moveable Media Player. Not a world-wide-web browser. Not a recreation machine. Maybe inside of the future it will do even greater within just all those areas, nevertheless for previously it is really a very good direction to arrange and hear in direction of your new music and videos, and is without having peer within that respect. The iPod’s benefits are its net checking out and applications. If these good further powerful, maybe it is your perfect choice.
This is turning out to be a bit much more subjective, yet I much favor the Zune Market place. The interface is colorful, consists of a lot more flair, and some great options like ‘Mixview’ that enable yourself out of the blue perspective identical albums, new music, or other users comparable towards what you are listening towards. Clicking upon one particular of all those will heart on that product or service, and an additional set of «neighbors» will occur into see, allowing your self towards navigate around investigating by related artists, new music, or users. Talking of end users, the Zune «Social» is far too Wonderful fun, permitting by yourself obtain other folks with shared choices and turning out to be close friends with them. By yourself then can pay attention towards a playlist produced dependent upon an amalgamation of what all your close friends are listening toward, which is too fascinating. People concerned with privacy will be relieved towards realize yourself can avoid the general public in opposition to seeing your individual listening practices if on your own so pick out.
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Apple at present includes Rhapsody as an application, which is a Terrific begin, but it is already hampered by way of the lack of ability towards shop domestically on your iPod, and has a dismal 64kbps bit cost. If this improvements, then it will fairly negate this usefulness for the Zune, but the 10 songs for every thirty day period will continue to be a large furthermore inside of Zune Pass’ want.
I’ll tools this evaluation toward Two styles of americans: recent Zune house owners who are taking into consideration an enhance, and humans attempting in direction of come to a decision involving a Zune and an iPod. (There are other players great importance taking into consideration out there, which include the Sony Walkman X, yet I expect this gives on your own more than enough details towards make an informed determination of the Zune vs players other than the iPod line as nicely.)
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