Granillo Ocampo, Raúl E. y Otros s/Peculado, Tribunal Oral en lo Criminal de la Capital Federal, 1/12/2015.
SÍNTESIS: EL Tribunal Oral en lo Criminal de la Capital Federal dispuso el rechazo de los planteos de inconstitucionalidad, de extinción de la acción penal por prescripción, de insubsistencia de la acción penal y de violación a la garantía de juez natural, en el marco de la causa de la referencia, en la cual se investiga el pago de sobresueldos. En consecuencia, resolvió condenar a prisión a ex funcionarios (ex presidente, ex ministro de economía y ex ministro de justicia) en orden al delito de peculado (art. 261 del Cód. Penal).
Texto completo del fallo
Buenos Aires, 1 de diciembre de 2015.-
Se reúnen los integrantes de este Tribunal Oral en lo Criminal Federal Nro. 4, Dres. Pablo D. Bertuzzi, Néstor Guillermo Costabel y Patricia Gabriela Mallo, asistidos por la Sra. Secretaria, Dra. Valeria Rico, con el objeto de dictar sentencia en el presente EXPTE.5926/2004 (causa nro.1706) seguido por infracción al art.261, primer párrafo, del C.P. contra Raúl Enrique GRANILLO OCAMPO, titular del DNI n° xxx, nacido el 18 de enero de 1948 en La Rioja, casado, abogado, argentino, domiciliado en xxx, hijo de Adolfo Antonio (f) y de Ada Pura Mercedes Ocampo (v), asistido por los Dres. Fernando José Bertorello y Héctor Manuel Granillo Fernández; María Julia ALSOGARAY, titular del DNI N° xxx, nacida el 8 de octubre de 1942 en CABA, divorciada, argentina, ingeniera industrial jubilada, domiciliada en xxx, hija de Álvaro Carlos (f) y de Edith Gay (f), asistida por la Dra. Pamela Bisserier y por el Dr. Nicolás Plo; Carlos Saúl MENEM, titular del DNI N° xxx, nacido el 2 de julio de 1930 en la ciudad de La Rioja, La Rioja, abogado, argentino, hijo de Saúl Menem y de Mohibe Akil, asistido por los Dres. Pedro Baldi y Omar Luis Daer; Domingo Felipe CAVALLO, titular del DNI N° xxx, nacido el 21 de julio de 1946 en San Francisco, provincia de Córdoba, 68 años, casado, economista, argentino, domiciliado en xxx, hijo de Florencia Lorenza Francotto (f) y de Felipe (f), asistido por los Dres. Dolores y Eduardo Oderigo; Raúl Alberto CASTELLINI, titular del DNI N° xxx, nacido el 29 de abril de 1953 en Funes departamento de Rosario, Provincia de Santa Fe, soltero, ingeniero mecánico, argentino, domiciliado en xxx, hijo de Luis Alberto (f) y de Chrimhilde Gisella Schmidt, asistido por el Dr. Edgardo Emilio Schiavone; José Domingo CORONEL, titular del DNI N° xxx, nacido el 12 de marzo de 1946 en CABA, casado, 69 años, contador, argentino, domiciliado en xxx, hijo de José Domingo y de Alcira Moyano, asistido por el Sr. Defensor Oficial, Dr. Joaquín Pieroni; Heriberto Jorge José Gerardo BAEZA GONZALEZ, titular del DNI N° xxx, nacido el 9 de julio de 1931 en Guaymallen, Mendoza, viudo, periodista jubilado, argentino, domiciliado en xxx, hijo de Heriberto Baeza González y de Alicia García de Rosas, asistido por los Dres. Norberto Ángel y Norberto Nicolás Giletta; José Alberto TORZILLO titular del DNI N° xxx, nacido el 7 de marzo de 1949 en Tandil, provincia de Buenos Aires, casado, contador público, de nacionalidad argentina, domiciliado en xxx, asistido por el Dr. Luis Martín Darritchón; Enrique KAPLAN, titular del DNI N° xxx, nacido el 29 de enero de 1944 en Zárate, PBA, casado, desocupado, argentino, hijo de Lázaro (f) y de Clara Barisni (f), asistido por la Dra. Mariana Barbitta; los Dres. Stella Maris Scandura, Diego Velasco, Juan Manuel Gaset y Juan Patricio García Elorrio, representando al Ministerio Público Fiscal y los Dres. Mariano J. Cartolano y Omar Julián Sosa, representantes de la Oficina Anticorrupción del Ministerio de Justicia, Seguridad y Derechos Humanos, en carácter de querellantes, en la que de conformidad con lo dispuesto en los arts. 398 y siguientes del Código Procesal Penal de la Nación, el Tribunal, FALLA:
I. No hacer lugar al planteo de inconstitucionalidad y legalidad de la actuación de la Oficina Anticorrupción pretendido por la defensa de Raúl Enrique GRANILLO OCAMPO, al cual adhirieron las defensas de Enrique KAPLAN, Carlos Saul MENEM, Domingo Felipe CAVALLO y José Alberto TORZILLO.
II. No hacer lugar al planteo de extinción de la acción penal por prescripción formulado por la defensa de Raúl Enrique GRANILLO OCAMPO, al que adhirieron las defensas de José Domingo CORONEL, Heriberto Jorge José Gerardo BAEZA GONZALEZ, Domingo Felipe CAVALLO y José Alberto TORZILLO.
III. No hacer lugar al planteo de insubsistencia de la acción penal por violación al principio de ser juzgados en un plazo razonable pretendido por la defensa de Raúl Enrique GRANILLO OCAMPO, al que adhirieron las defensas de Enrique KAPLAN, José Domingo CORONEL, Domingo Felipe CAVALLO, José Alberto TORZILLO, Raúl Alberto CASTELLINI y Heriberto Jorge José Gerardo BAEZA GONZALEZ.
IV. No hacer lugar al planteo de violación a la garantía de Juez Natural, formulado por la defensa de Raúl Enrique GRANILLO OCAMPO, al cual adhirieron las defensas de Carlos Saúl MENEM, Domingo Felipe CAVALLO y José Alberto TORZILLO.
V. No hacer lugar al planteo de nulidad de los requerimientos de elevación a juicio formulados por el Ministerio Público Fiscal y la Oficina Anticorrupción interpuesto por la defensa de Enrique KAPLAN, al que adhirieron las defensas de Carlos Saúl MENEM, José Domingo CORONEL, Domingo Felipe CAVALLO, José Alberto TORZILLO y Heriberto Jorge José Gerardo BAEZA GONZALEZ.
VI. No hacer lugar al planteo de nulidad pretendido por la Dra. Bisserier, del antepenúltimo párrafo del decreto obrante a fs. 1001/vta. por el cual se convocara a María Julia Alsogaray a prestar declaración testimonial en la presente causa.
VII. – No hacer lugar al planteo de inconstitucionalidad en relación a la Ley Nº 18.302 «s» solicitado por la Dra. Pamela Bisserier, defensora oficial a cargo de la defensa técnica de María Julia Alsogaray.
VIII. – No hacer lugar al planteo de violación a la garantía de «non bis in idem» pretendido por el Dr. Oderigo, defensor de Domingo Felipe Cavallo, al cual adhirió la defensa de Heriberto Jorge José Gerardo BAEZA GONZALEZ y en forma genérica la defensa de José Alberto TORZILLO.
IX. – No hacer lugar al planteo de nulidad pretendido por el Dr. Granillo Fernández, defensor de Raúl Granillo Ocampo, respecto a la falta de descripción del tipo penal en la oportunidad en que se le recibió declaración indagatoria en la etapa de instrucción.
X. – No hacer lugar al planteo de nulidad pretendido por el Dr. Baldi, defensor de Carlos Saúl Menem, referido a la intervención del juez subrogante durante la etapa de instrucción, como así tampoco lo planteado en relación a la intervención de los Sres. Fiscales durante el juicio.
XI. – ABSOLVER a Heriberto Jorge José Gerardo BAEZA GONZALEZ, José Alberto TORZILLO, José Domingo CORONEL y Raúl Alberto CASTELLINI, de las demás condiciones personales obrantes en autos, en atención al expreso pedido liberatorio efectuado por los representantes del Ministerio Público Fiscal y de la Oficina Anticorrupción (querella), en orden al delito de peculado (art. 261, primer párrafo, del C.P.), el cual les fuera imputado en los requerimientos de elevación a juicio, sin costas (art. 402 y 530 del Código Procesal Penal de la Nación).
XII. – ABSOLVER a Enrique KAPLAN, de las demás condiciones personales obrantes en autos, en orden al delito de peculado (art. 261, primer párrafo, del C.P.) por el cual fuera acusado exclusivamente por la parte querellante, sin costas (art. 3, 402 y 530 del Código Procesal Penal de la Nación).
XIII. – ABSOLVER a María Julia ALSOGARAY, de las demás condiciones personales obrantes en autos, en orden al delito de peculado (art. 261, primer párrafo, del C.P.) respecto del cual fuera acusada, y por aplicación de la garantía que prohíbe la doble persecución penal -non bis in ídem-, sin costas (arts. 1, 402 y 530 del Código Procesal Penal de la Nación). (Disidencia del juez Pablo D. Bertuzzi).
XIV. – CONDENAR a Carlos Saúl MENEM, de las demás condiciones personales obrantes en autos, a la pena de CUATRO AÑOS Y SEIS MESES DE PRISIÓN, inhabilitación absoluta perpetua, accesorias legales y costas procesales por considerarlo autor penalmente responsable del delito de peculado (arts. 12, 29 inc. 3°, 40, 41, 45 y 261, primer párrafo, del Código Penal y 530 y 531 del Código Procesal Penal de la Nación).
XV. – Firme que sea remítase copia de la presente al Honorable Senado de la Nación a los fines que corresponda.
XVI. – CONDENAR a Domingo Felipe CAVALLO, de las demás condiciones personales obrantes en autos, a la pena de TRES AÑOS Y SEIS MESES DE PRISIÓN, inhabilitación absoluta perpetua, accesorias legales y costas procesales por considerarlo partícipe necesario del delito de peculado (arts. 12, 29 inc. 3°, 40, 41, 45 y 261, primer párrafo, del Código Penal y 530 y 531 del Código Procesal Penal de la Nación). (Disidencia del juez Néstor Guillermo Costabel).
XVII. – CONDENAR a Raúl Enrique GRANILLO OCAMPO, de las demás condiciones personales obrantes en autos, a la pena de TRES AÑOS Y TRES MESES DE PRISIÓN, inhabilitación absoluta perpetua, accesorias legales y costas procesales por considerarlo partícipe necesario del delito de peculado (arts. 12, 29 inc. 3°, 40, 41, 45 y 261, primer párrafo, del Código Penal y 530 y 531 del Código Procesal Penal de la Nación). (Disidencia del juez Néstor Guillermo Costabel).
XVIII. DISPONIENDO el DECOMISO DE LOS EFECTOS PROVENIENTES DEL DELITO por el cual se considerara responsables a los imputados Domingo Felipe CAVALLO, en la suma de DOSCIENTOS VEINTE MIL OCHOCIENTOS SESENTA Y OCHO PESOS ($ 220.868) y Raúl Enrique GRANILLO OCAMPO, en la suma de UN MILLÓN TRESCIENTOS CINCUENTA MIL PESOS ($ 1.350.000), los que deberán ser en su oportunidad debidamente ajustados bajo las pautas que correspondan (art. 23 del Código Penal).
XIX. No hacer lugar a la extracción de testimonios en relación a los testigos Popritkin y Martínez Medina, sin perjuicio de poner a disposición de las defensas a cargo de los Dres. Oderigo y Granillo Fernández, las constancias de la presente causa para que, de estimarlo pertinente, realicen de manera autónoma las presentaciones que correspondan.
XX. – No hacer lugar a la solicitud de los Sres. Fiscales, sin perjuicio de poner a su disposición las constancias de la presente causa a fin de que, si lo consideran pertinente, en forma autónoma oficien a la Procuración del Tesoro y al Ministerio de Economía con el objeto de que se evalúe la posibilidad de iniciar las acciones mencionadas en el correspondiente alegato. De igual modo corresponderá proceder respecto de la petición de librar oficio al Sr. Juez instructor de la presente causa.
Regístrese en el sistema lex100 y dándose las circunstancias previstas en el art. 400 del Código Procesal Penal, convocase para la lectura integral de la sentencia para el día 2 de marzo de 2016 a las 12.30 horas.
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