Jurisprudencia. Usurpación. Improcedencia de la excepción de atipicidad de la conducta.

Usurpación. Tipo penal. Atipicidad. Actos posesorios. Derechos reales.

Corresponde confirmar la resolución de grado en cuanto dispuso no hacer lugar a la excepción por atipicidad de la conducta. En efecto, la defensa sostiene que la denunciante no era poseedora, tenedora ni titular del derecho real de dominio sobre el inmueble, de manera que la conducta no podría subusumirse en el tipo penal de usurpación.
Sin perjuicio de ello, el recurrente desconoce que los derechos reales sobre los inmuebles no son elementos del tipo penal, sino que lo es su ejercicio. Así, si bien el conocimiento de la titularidad registral de la finca es necesario en el proceso a fin de echar luz sobre ciertos aspectos, lo determinante en este caso es definir si sobre el bien se ejercía la posesión o la tenencia. En este sentido, quien ingresa regularmente y ejecuta actos de mantenimiento, además de pagar impuestos y utilizar el lugar como depósito, evidentemente ejerce actos posesorios, ya sea comportándose como dueño (posesión) o reconociendo que el dueño es un tercero (tenencia). Por tanto, es incorrecta la afirmación del defensor cuando considera la ocupación y la posesión como sinónimos, pues la ocupación puede ser una forma de posesión, pero no es la única.

CÁRPENA, Sandra Verónica, Cámara de Apelaciones Penal, Contravencional y de Faltas, Sala II, causa Nro.: 1093-03-CC-2013.(Del voto de Dr. Fernando Bosch, Dr. Pablo Bacigalupo, Dra. Elizabeth Marum). Sentencia del 29-04-2015.

CVer fallo completo: CARPENA, Sandra Verónica

FUENTE: Departamento de Biblioteca y Jurisprudencia del Consejo de la Magistratura de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires.

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