Fallo de la Corte: «EDENOR S.A. c/ resolución 289/04 ENRE s/ recurso directo», sentencia del 21/10/14

SUMARIO.- Por medio de la resolución 289/04 el Ente Regulador de la Electricidad (ENRE), aplicó una sanción a EDENOR por interrupciones en el suministro de energía eléctrica y dispuso que el valor de bonificación a favor de los usuarios debe ser multiplicado por tres, modificando el punto 3.2 del subanexo 4 del contrato de concesión. La Cámara Nacional de Apelaciones en lo Contencioso Administrativo Federal (Sala I), admitió parcialmente el recurso deducido por EDENOR contra dicha resolución dejando sin efecto lo referido al valor de bonificación, con argumento en que el valor de las bonificaciones se encuentra preestablecido en las cláusulas del contrato de concesión, sin existir normativa que permita modificarlas.

Disconforme con ello, ENRE interpuso recurso extraordinario ante la Corte Suprema de Justicia de la Nación.

La Corte hizo suyos los argumentos sostenidos por la Procuradora General de la Nación, declaró admisible el recurso y confirmó la sentencia apelada.

Fundamentos de la Procuración

La ley 24.065 establece que los distribuidores de energía eléctrica deberán satisfacer toda demanda de servicios que les sea requerida en los términos de sus contratos de concesión. El reglamento de dicha ley, prevé que el ENRE debe concentrar su función en el control del concesionario de distribución de energía eléctrica sobre la calidad del servicio prestado en base a los lineamientos allí establecidos.

Se prevé también, que la calidad del servicio técnico prestado tendrá en cuenta la frecuencia y duración de las interrupciones del suministro. El decreto dispone que en el contrato de distribución deberán establecerse claramente las normas de calidad y fijar límites, reglamentando las penalidades al respecto. En cuanto a las penalidades, establece que las mismas se harán en función del perjuicio económico que ocasione al usuario la prestación del servicio en condiciones no satisfactorias y que la multa por incumplimiento de las normas de calidad de servicio técnico satisfactorio consistirá en la aplicación de bonificaciones sobre las facturaciones a los usuarios que hayan sido afectados, las que se calcularán en función al costo que representa, para cada grupo de usuarios, la energía no suministrada.

El subanexo 4 del contrato de concesión (aprobado por el decreto 714/92), reitera la responsabilidad de la distribuidora de prestar el servicio satisfactoriamente. Determina una tolerancia y dispone que en caso de superarse la misma la distribuidora reconocerá al usuario un crédito en la facturación del semestre inmediatamente porsterior al registro cuyo monto será proporcional a la energía no suministrada calculados de acuerdo con la metodología que se prescribe en el punto 3.2, el cual establece parámetros expresamente reglados sin que se contemple la posibilidad de triplicar la pena.

Siendo que la primera regla de interpretación es dar pleno efecto a la intención del legislador y la primera fuente para rastrear esa intención es la letra de la ley, corresponde coincidir con la Cámara en cuanto no hay norma que sustente que el valor de la multa establecido en el contrato de concesión pueda ser multiplicado por tres, tal como lo hizo el ENRE en la resolución que se apela.

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39 comentarios de “Fallo de la Corte: «EDENOR S.A. c/ resolución 289/04 ENRE s/ recurso directo», sentencia del 21/10/14

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