«Recurso de hecho deducido por la demandada en la causa Irigoyen, Juan Carlos Hipólito c/ Fundación Wallenberg y otro s/ daños y perjuicios», sent. del 5/08/14
La Corte Suprema de Justicia de la Nación revocó la sentencia de la Sala J de la Cámara Nacional de Apelaciones en lo Civil que confirmó la condena por daño moral impuesta a una fundación que, según invocara el actor, habría sostenido que su abuelo -ex diplomático- sería responsable de dejar morir en las cámaras de gas a alrededor de 100 judíos argentinos, cuando se desempeñó como Agregado en la Embajada de la República Argentina ante la Alemania del Tercer Reich.
Para así decidir señaló que el material que el a quo ha tomado en consideración para justificar la condena apelada, consiste en material sacado de la página web de la demandada, tratándose en muchos casos de elementos extraídos de distintos medios de comunicación con indicación expresa de la fuente y respeto del formato original, resultando evidente que se omitió aplicar la doctrina «Campillay», según la cual en determinadas condiciones, la reproducción de los dichos de otro, no trae aparejada responsabilidad civil ni penal, siendo preciso que se haya atribuido el contenido de la información a la fuente pertinente y se haya efectuado, además, una transcripción sustancialmente fiel a lo manifestado por aquélla.
La Corte ha dicho que esa doctrina posibilida que se transparente el origen de las informaciones y permite a los lectores relacionarlas con la causa que las ha generado.
De esta manera, los eventuales reclamos podrán ser dirigidos contra aquellos de quienes las noticias realmente emanaron y no contra los que solo fueron sus canales de difusión.
Con esta doctrina se permite al que suministra una información, desinteresarse de la verdad o falsedad de ella y eximirse de responsabilidad con la solo cita de la fuente.
La Corte indicó que a efectos de garantizar un razonable equilibrio entre la libertad de expresión y la protección del honor personal, corresponde exigir que el que propale la noticia acredite judicialmente que ha invocado la fuente y que sus dichos coinciden sustancialmente con aquélla.
Esta doctrina puede ser aplicada a cualquier tipo de proceso (civil, penal, etc.) con el fin de establecer un ámbito lo suficientemente generoso para el ejercicio del derecho constitucional de libertad de expresión.
La invocación de una fuente y la transcripción sustancialmente fiel de la noticia emanada de ella, priva de antijuridicidad a la conducta.
Por otro lado, respecto de las expresiones de la demandada en el sentido de que el demandante se consideraba «cómplice» o «responsable» de la desaparición de judíos argentinos en la Alemania del nazismo, si bien es una descalificación durísima, no puede ser entendido en clave de tipología jurídica, pues se incurriría en una lamentable confusión de ámbitos.
En su voto, el Dr. Zaffaroni, hizo referencia también a que la existencia de daño moral en relación a la familia en protección al honor impuesta por la Convención Americana sobre Derechos Humanos no implica cualquier ofensa a un familiar sin limitación alguna de tiempo o parentesco. La ofensa al difunto debe representar una lesión hacia su propio honor o bien. «Tratándose de parentesco de primer grado o de hermanos, cabe presumir al menos el sentimiento de afecto por parte del deudo, que sería lesionado por cualquier falsa imputación deshonorosa. Pero cuando se trata de grados más lejanos de parentesco, esta lesión debería ser probada en función de razones que deben ser materia de prueba, como la de haber convivido con el difunto, haberlo tratado y conservar un sentimiento especial de respeto o haberlo asumido como ejemplo formativo, haber sido criado por el difunto, o cualquier otra corcunstancia semejante.»
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Concerning me and my partner we’ve owned extra MP3 players more than the decades than I can depend, which include Sansas, iRivers, iPods (classic & touch), the Ibiza Rhapsody, and many others. But, the remaining number of many years I have fixed down in direction of a single line of gamers. Why? Mainly because I was pleased in the direction of explore how well-designed and entertaining in direction of retain the services of the underappreciated (and broadly mocked) Zunes are.
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