Mediante el decreto 1077, publicado en el Boletín Oficial del 21/12/17, el Poder Ejecutivo Nacional efectuó observaciones al proyecto de ley registrado bajo el N° 27.423 sancionado por el Congreso Nacional el 30/11/2017, el cual aprueba la regulación de los Honorarios Profesionales de Abogados, Procuradores y Auxiliares de la Justicia Nacional y Federal.
Se observó el segundo párrafo del artículo 5° que establece que el profesional que hubiere renunciado anticipadamente a sus honorarios o convenido un monto inferior al previsto en la Ley incurrirá en falta de ética y que idéntica situación se configurará en el caso del profesional que, habiendo ejercido esa conducta, reclamare el pago de honorarios u honorarios superiores a los pactados, interviniendo, ante estos supuestos, aún de oficio, el Tribunal de Disciplina correspondiente a la jurisdicción.
Asimismo, se observó el artículo 11° del proyecto que establece que la obligación de pagar honorarios por trabajo profesional, en principio pesa solidariamente sobre los condenados en costas u obligados al pago, pudiendo el profesional exigir y perseguir el pago total o parcial, a su elección, de todos o de cualquiera de ellos.
Se observaron también las tablas del artículo 19° que hacen referencia a la redacción de distintos documentos, entre otras.
Con las salvedades establecidas, se promúlgó y se tuvo por Ley de la Nación el Proyecto de Ley registrado bajo el N° 27.423.
A continuación el texto completo de la norma:
Decreto 1077/2017
Proyecto de Ley registrado bajo N° 27423. Observaciones.
Buenos Aires, 20/12/2017
VISTO el Proyecto de Ley registrado bajo el N° 27.423 sancionado por el HONORABLE CONGRESO DE LA NACIÓN el 30 de noviembre de 2017, y
CONSIDERANDO:
Que mediante el referido Proyecto de Ley se aprueba la regulación de los Honorarios Profesionales de Abogados, Procuradores y Auxiliares de la Justicia Nacional y Federal.
Que el artículo 5° del Proyecto de Ley bajo examen, dentro del Capítulo que regula el contrato de honorarios y pacto de cuota litis, establece que la renuncia anticipada de honorarios y el pacto o convenio que tienda a reducir las proporciones establecidas en el arancel fijado por la Ley serán nulos de nulidad absoluta, excepto si se pactare con ascendientes o descendientes en línea recta, cónyuge, conviviente o hermanos del profesional, o si se tratare de actividades pro bono u otras análogas previstas en la normativa vigente.
Que, asimismo, dispone en su segundo párrafo que el profesional que hubiere renunciado anticipadamente a sus honorarios o convenido un monto inferior al previsto en la Ley incurrirá en falta de ética y que idéntica situación se configurará en el caso del profesional que, habiendo ejercido esa conducta, reclamare el pago de honorarios u honorarios superiores a los pactados, interviniendo, ante estos supuestos, aún de oficio, el Tribunal de Disciplina correspondiente a la jurisdicción.
Que la intervención de oficio del precitado Tribunal de Disciplina no resulta adecuada en los casos de renuncia anticipada a los honorarios por parte del profesional o de pacto o convenio que tienda a reducir las proporciones establecidas en el arancel fijado por la norma, que el propio artículo además, considera como faltos de ética y los declara nulos de nulidad absoluta, dado que es una renuncia voluntaria del profesional al cobro de honorarios o al convenio que tenga por objeto reducirlos; sin perjuicio de la intervención del organismo a petición de parte.
Que el artículo 11 del Proyecto de Ley en análisis establece que la obligación de pagar honorarios por trabajo profesional, en principio pesa solidariamente sobre los condenados en costas u obligados al pago, pudiendo el profesional exigir y perseguir el pago total o parcial, a su elección, de todos o de cualquiera de ellos.
Que el segundo párrafo del referido artículo dispone que los honorarios de los auxiliares de la Justicia designados de oficio serán exigibles a cualquiera de las partes litigantes o terceros citados en garantía, sin perjuicio del derecho de repetición que tendrá la parte que hubiere pagado contra la condenada en costas.
Que dicho precepto entra en conflicto con disposiciones generales del régimen de costas, resultando procedente que su examen y debate sea llevado a cabo en tal contexto.
Que el artículo 25 del Proyecto de Ley en estudio establece las pautas a aplicarse para la regulación de honorarios para los casos de los peritos que hubieren aceptado el cargo y el proceso finalizara de modo anormal por cualquiera de las formas establecidas por las normas vigentes.
Que el inciso c) del referido artículo dispone que en los casos de acuerdo de partes, habiéndose presentado la pericia contable, procederá la regulación de honorarios considerando como base regulatoria el monto de la demanda con actualización e intereses, siendo inoponible el acuerdo al perito que no intervino en el mismo.
Que lo dispuesto en dicho inciso, contempla únicamente el supuesto de las pericias contables, a las que asigna un tratamiento distinto del que corresponde a las demás labores periciales, lo que atenta contra el principio de igualdad previsto en el artículo 16 de la CONSTITUCIÓN NACIONAL.
Que el artículo 19 del Proyecto de Ley instituye la Unidad de Medida Arancelaria (UMA) para los honorarios profesionales de los abogados, procuradores y auxiliares de la Justicia.
Que, asimismo, se establecen actividades extrajudiciales calculadas en porcentajes del valor de las mismas y honorarios mínimos a percibir por dicha labor profesional.
Que el artículo 47 del Proyecto de Ley establece que los incidentes y tercerías, ya sea que éstas tramiten autónomamente o dentro de un mismo juicio o expediente, serán considerados por separado del juicio principal. Además dispone que los honorarios se regularán entre el OCHO POR CIENTO (8%) y el VEINTICINCO POR CIENTO (25%) de lo que correspondiere al proceso principal, no pudiendo ser inferiores a CINCO (5) UMA.
Que los porcentuales en la forma en que están consignados podrían dar lugar a interpretaciones disímiles al respecto, resultando confusa su forma de medición.
Que el artículo 63 del Proyecto de Ley sustituye los artículos 254 y 257 de la Ley de Concursos y Quiebras N° 24.522 y sus modificatorias, relacionados con el ejercicio de las funciones del síndico con patrocinio letrado.
Que atento a la naturaleza de lo dispuesto por dicha norma, la disposición debe ser analizada y debatida en el contexto de aquella Ley, y configura, además, una limitación a la incumbencia de los profesionales en ciencias económicas, restringiéndola, cuando la práctica concursal demuestra que toda vez que la complejidad de un caso lo ha merecido, el síndico en ejercicio de la función ha designado a un profesional del derecho como patrocinante.
Que el artículo 64 del Proyecto de Ley establece la vigencia del mismo a partir de su publicación y su aplicación a los procesos en curso en los que no existiera regulación firme de honorarios.
Que la aplicación de la norma sancionada a los procesos en curso en los que no existiera regulación firme de honorarios puede afectar derechos adquiridos, debido a que los honorarios de los profesionales se devengan por etapas, por lo que disponer la aplicación retroactiva de la norma podría vulnerar dichos derechos.
Que asimismo, debe evitarse que la aplicación del nuevo régimen legal pueda eventualmente afectar el normal funcionamiento del sistema de administración de justicia y el ejercicio de la abogacía.
Que además, lo prescripto implicaría una aplicación retroactiva de la norma, pretendiendo regir etapas concluidas durante la vigencia de una norma por una ley sancionada con posterioridad a su cierre.
Que, en virtud de lo expuesto, resulta necesario observar el segundo párrafo del artículo 5°, el segundo párrafo del artículo 11, las tablas correspondientes del artículo 19, el inciso c) del artículo 25, y los artículos 47, 63 y 64 del Proyecto de Ley registrado bajo el N° 27.423.
Que la medida que se propone no altera el espíritu ni la unidad del Proyecto del Ley sancionado por el HONORABLE CONGRESO DE LA NACIÓN.
Que la Ley N° 26.122 regula el trámite y los alcances de la intervención del HONORABLE CONGRESO DE LA NACIÓN respecto de los Decretos de Promulgación Parcial de Leyes dictados por el PODER EJECUTIVO NACIONAL, de conformidad con lo establecido por el artículo 80 de la CONSTITUCIÓN NACIONAL.
Que la Dirección General de Asuntos Jurídicos del MINISTERIO DE JUSTICIA Y DERECHOS HUMANOS ha tomado la intervención de su competencia.
Que el presente Decreto se dicta en uso de las facultades conferidas al PODER EJECUTIVO NACIONAL por el artículo 80 de la CONSTITUCIÓN NACIONAL.
Por ello,
EL PRESIDENTE DE LA NACIÓN ARGENTINA EN ACUERDO GENERAL DE MINISTROS
DECRETA:
ARTÍCULO 1°.- Obsérvase el segundo párrafo del artículo 5°, del Proyecto de Ley registrado bajo el N° 27.423.
ARTÍCULO 2°.- Obsérvase el segundo párrafo del artículo 11, del Proyecto de Ley registrado bajo el N° 27.423.
ARTÍCULO 3°.- Obsérvanse en el artículo 19 del Proyecto de Ley registrado bajo el N° 27.423 las siguientes tablas:
| Redacción de contrato de locación: del 1% al 5% del valor del contrato, con un mínimo de | 2 |
| Redacción de boleto de compraventa: del 1% al 5% del valor del mismo, con un mínimo de | 3 |
| Redacción de contrato o estatuto de sociedades comerciales, asociaciones o fundaciones y constitución de personas jurídicas en general: del 1% al 3% del capital social, con un mínimo de | 5 |
| Redacción de otros contratos: del 0,3% al 5% del valor de los mismos, con un mínimo de | 2 |
ARTÍCULO 4°.- Obsérvase el inciso c) del artículo 25 del Proyecto de Ley registrado bajo el N° 27.423.
ARTÍCULO 5°.- Obsérvase el artículo 47 del Proyecto de Ley registrado bajo el N° 27.423.
ARTÍCULO 6°.- Obsérvase el artículo 63, del Proyecto de Ley registrado bajo el N° 27.423.
ARTÍCULO 7°.- Obsérvase el artículo 64, del Proyecto de Ley registrado bajo el N° 27.423.
ARTÍCULO 8°.- Con las salvedades establecidas en los artículos precedentes, cúmplase, promúlgase y téngase por Ley de la Nación el Proyecto de Ley registrado bajo el N° 27.423.
ARTÍCULO 9°.- Dése cuenta a la COMISIÓN BICAMERAL PERMANENTE del HONORABLE CONGRESO DE LA NACIÓN.
ARTÍCULO 10.- Comuníquese, publíquese, dése a la DIRECCIÓN NACIONAL DEL REGISTRO OFICIAL y archívese. — MACRI. — Marcos Peña. — Jose Gustavo Santos. — Patricia Bullrich. — Alberto Jorge Triaca. — Carolina Stanley. — Jose Lino Salvador Barañao. — Alejandro Pablo Avelluto. — Rogelio Frigerio. — Francisco Adolfo Cabrera. — Guillermo Javier Dietrich. — Sergio Alejandro Bergman. — Andres Horacio Ibarra. — Juan Jose Aranguren. — Nicolas Dujovne. — Alejandro Oscar Finocchiaro. — Luis Miguel Etchevehere. — Adolfo Luis Rubinstein.
Vea la Ley de honorarios 27423 aquí, las observaciones están resaltadas en amarillo (B.O. 22/12/17).
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