Prospera daño moral solicitado por hermanas de un hombre fallecido en un accidente de tránsito, pese a que no convivían con él.

Un juzgado de Córdoba declaró la inconstitucionalidad del artículo 1741 del Código Civil y Comercial e hizo lugar a la indemnización que en concepto de daño moral hicieron las hermanas de un ciclista que murió en un accidente de tránsito, pese a que éstas no convivían con el damnificado.

El juez a cargo del Juzgado en lo Civil y Comercial, y de Familia N° 3 de San Francisco, declaró la inconstitucionalidad del artículo 1741 del Código Civil y Comercial (CCC), en tanto niega la legitimación para reclamar el daño moral a los hermanos no convivientes cuando se produce la muerte del damnificado. En consecuencia, el magistrado resolvió indemnizar no solo a los padres de un ciclista que murió en un accidente de tránsito, sino también a sus tres hermanas no convivientes.

El accidente se produjo el 3 de septiembre de 2015, cuando un camión con acoplado, embistió a un hombre que circulaba por la Autovía de la Ruta Nacional n° 19 en bicicleta. La sentencia determinó que la responsabilidad debía distribuirse en un 50 por ciento al demandado y en un 50 por ciento a la víctima, puesto que circulaba por una “semiautopista”, en la cual está prohibido el tránsito de bicicletas (art. 46 inc. b de la ley 24.449).

Para los padres de la víctima se establecieron las siguientes indemnizaciones: 36.000 pesos para cada uno por tratamiento psicológico; 16.700 pesos para ambos por gastos de sepelio; 19.300 pesos por gastos de reposición de la bicicleta; 539.897,60 pesos para la madre por pérdida de chance de ayuda futura y 421.349,60 pesos para el padre por ese mismo concepto; y 500.000 pesos para cada progenitor por daño moral o extrapatrimonial.

En función de la atribución de responsabilidad, el magistrado estableció que el demandado debía responder por el 50 por ciento de los montos referidos.

Inconstitucional 

La sentencia también declaró la inconstitucionalidad del artículo 1741 del CCC, en tanto le niega legitimación para reclamar un daño moral a los hermanos no convivientes de la víctima. En este sentido, el magistrado consideró que dicha limitación viola el principio de igualdad y de protección a la familia, estableciendo una alteración irrazonable del derecho constitucional a la reparación plena.

“La norma discrimina irrazonablemente a los hermanos no convivientes de los convivientes, ya que el hecho de convivir o no hacerlo, no puede ser considerado como una causa que permita, de manera justificada, tratar de manera diferenciada a hermanos que, en definitiva, tenían el mismo vínculo con el fallecido, más allá de que pueda ser más intenso (o no, depende el caso) entre quienes convivan. Ello vulnera el art. 16 de la Constitución Nacional (principio de igualdad)”, enfatizó el magistrado.

Asimismo, la sentencia considera una “discriminación irrazonable” negar legitimación a los hermanos no convivientes y otorgársela a familiares no convivientes más lejanos (como los abuelos, bisabuelos, nietos, bisnietos, etc.) o incluso a no familiares convivientes (hijo de la pareja de la víctima, pareja del progenitor de la víctima, hermanastros, etc.).

“Cabe señalar que frente al vínculo familiar y fraternal de las hermanas con la víctima, negarles la posibilidad de reclamar y obtener idéntico resarcimiento que otros familiares legitimados de un perjuicio cierto y con adecuada relación de causalidad con el hecho dañoso, implica un trato desigual que no encuentra sustento en fundamento objetivo y razonable y, por ende, resulta contrario a la garantía contemplada por el arto 16 de la Constitución Nacional”, agrega el juez Viramonte.

Finalmente, la sentencia cuantifica el daño moral o extrapatrimonial para cada una de las tres hermanas en la suma de 80.000 pesos. En función de la atribución de responsabilidad, el demandado deberá abonar el 50 por ciento de dichas cifras.

Causa: Pizzi, Roberto Oscar y Otros c/ Pallini, Hector José – Ordinario”.
Fecha: 22 de noviembre de 2017.

Indemnización por muerte en accidente de tránsito. Inconstitucionalidad del artículo 1741 del Código Civil y Comercial. Legitimación para reclamar el daño moral a hermanos no convivientes del damnificado.

Fuente: www.justiciacordoba.gob.ar

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