Jurisprudencia de la Cámara de Apelaciones Contencioso, Administrativo y Tributario: Mala práxis. Alcances de la responsabilidad médica.

Mala praxis médica. Muerte del paciente. Responsabilidad médica. Consentimiento del paciente. Negligencia. Alcances. Forma del acto. Relación de causalidad. Daños y perjuicios. Obras sociales. Obra social de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Daño moral. Damnificado directo e indirecto. 

SUMARIOS. En el caso, corresponde confirmar la sentencia de grado, en cuanto hizo lugar parcialmente la demanda de daños y perjuicios interpuesta por la parte actora, y en consecuencia, consideró responsable a los profesionales de la Obra Social por las lesiones a causa del obrar negligente en la práctica médica (videocolonoscopía) realizada.
En efecto, de la copia del formulario de consentimiento surge que se habría informado a la actora de “…los riesgos eventuales del procedimiento y de las reacciones inesperadas de mi organismo imposibles de prever mediante la aplicación de métodos aconsejados en la medicina actual…”. Es decir, la actora por intermedio de su marido- prestó su consentimiento a partir de una información que, se intuye, fue verbal, puesto que su manifestación de voluntad fue a través de un formulario preimpreso (confr. doctr. causa “Caruso Alejandra Silvana c/ GCBA s/ Daños y perjuicios”, expte. EXP 1329/0, sentencia del 10-8-2011, Sala II).
En consecuencia, de la lectura del instrumento no se aprecia que se le haya informado a la actora puntualmente de la posibilidad de una eventual perforación de colon, complicación que, de acuerdo con lo informado por el médico forense, resulta una consecuencia estadísticamente probable y más en el cuadro clínico de la actora que era conocido por los profesionales intervinientes.
En este sentido, asiste razón a la actora en que debió haber sido informada adecuadamente de los presuntos riesgos del estudio médico indicado a fin de permitirle evaluar su aceptación. En tales condiciones, estimo que el formulario de consentimiento no prueba de forma determinante que la información brindada a la actora fuera suficiente para permitir su sometimiento voluntario a la práctica y, con ello, la asunción de los riegos que aquella pudiera provocarle.
Por lo expuesto, cabe concluir que si bien no se ha incurrido en una inadecuada actuación de la práctica médica, no lo es menos que se debió informar más ampliamente sobre los riegos que involucraba el procedimiento en cuestión. Ante estas consideraciones, estimo que deberá responsabilizarse a los profesionales por la falta de información adecuada y precisa.


En el caso, corresponde confirmar la sentencia de grado, en cuanto rechazó el reclamo de daño moral formulado por el codemandado, a raíz del fallecimiento de la coactora.
En relación con el daño moral solicitado a título personal por el cónyuge de la actora con fundamento en el artículo 1078 del Código Civil, vale mencionar que el referido artículo establece que “…La obligación de resarcir el daño causado por los actos ilícitos comprende, además de la indemnización por pérdidas e intereses, la reparación del agravio moral ocasionado a la víctima. La acción por indemnización del daño moral sólo competerá al damnificado directo…”.
La norma transcripta expresa con claridad que sólo la víctima (en el caso, la paciente) puede ser resarcido por daño moral, por lo que quedaría excluido de este «ítem» resarcitorio el cónyuge coactor. (Del voto en disidencia parcial del Dr. Esteban Centanaro)

Causa Nro.: 36823-0. Autos: MELGAREJO, ZUNILDA Y OTROS c/ GCBA Y OTROS, DATOS: Cámara de Apelaciones Contencioso, Administrativo y Tributario, Sala III, 20-03-2015.

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FUENTE: Departamento de Biblioteca y Jurisprudencia del Consejo de la Magistratura de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. El contenido puede ser reproducido libremente, y no genera responsabilidad por ello, bajo condición de mencionar la fuente y esta advertencia.

 

41 comentarios de “Jurisprudencia de la Cámara de Apelaciones Contencioso, Administrativo y Tributario: Mala práxis. Alcances de la responsabilidad médica.

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